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Linux 3.2.0-33, x86_64

Note: 64-bit x86 uses syscall instead of interrupt 0x80. The result value will be in %rax

To find the implementation of a system call, grep the kernel tree for SYSCALL_DEFINE.\?(syscall,
For example, to find the read system call:

illusion:/usr/src/linux-source-3.2.0$ grep -rA3 'SYSCALL_DEFINE.\?(read,' *
fs/read_write.c:SYSCALL_DEFINE3(read, unsigned int, fd, char __user *, buf, size_t, count)
fs/read_write.c-{
fs/read_write.c-        struct file *file;
fs/read_write.c-        ssize_t ret = -EBADF;

The results show that the implementation is in fs/read_write.c and that it takes 3 arguments (thus SYSCALL_DEFINE3).

Linux Cross Reference is another good tool for finding information about system calls.

By the way, the system call numbers are different for 32-bit x86. A system call table for i386 (32-bit) can be found at http://docs.cs.up.ac.za/programming/asm/derick_tut/syscalls.htm

%rax	System call	%rdi	%rsi	%rdx	%rcx	%r8	%r9
0	sys_read	unsigned int fd	char *buf	size_t count
1	sys_write	unsigned int fd	const char *buf	size_t count
2	sys_open	const char *filename	int flags	int mode
3	sys_close	unsigned int fd
4	sys_stat	const char *filename	struct stat *statbuf
5	sys_fstat	unsigned int fd	struct stat *statbuf
6	sys_lstat	fconst char *filename	struct stat *statbuf
7	sys_poll	struct poll_fd *ufds	unsigned int nfds	long timeout_msecs
8	sys_lseek	unsigned int fd	off_t offset	unsigned int origin
9	sys_mmap	unsigned long addr	unsigned long len	unsigned long prot	unsigned long flags	unsigned long fd	unsigned long off
10	sys_mprotect	unsigned long start	size_t len	unsigned long prot
11	sys_munmap	unsigned long addr	size_t len
12	sys_brk	unsigned long brk
13	sys_rt_sigaction	int sig	const struct sigaction *act	struct sigaction *oact	size_t sigsetsize
14	sys_rt_sigprocmask	int how	sigset_t *nset	sigset_t *oset	size_t sigsetsize
15	sys_rt_sigreturn	unsigned long __unused
16	sys_ioctl	unsigned int fd	unsigned int cmd	unsigned long arg
17	sys_pread64	unsigned long fd	char *buf	size_t count	loff_t pos
18	sys_pwrite64	unsigned int fd	const char *buf	size_t count	loff_t pos
19	sys_readv	unsigned long fd	const struct iovec *vec	unsigned long vlen
20	sys_writev	unsigned long fd	const struct iovec *vec	unsigned long vlen
21	sys_access	const char *filename	int mode
22	sys_pipe	int *filedes
23	sys_select	int n	fd_set *inp	fd_set *outp	fd_set*exp	struct timeval *tvp
24	sys_sched_yield
25	sys_mremap	unsigned long addr	unsigned long old_len	unsigned long new_len	unsigned long flags	unsigned long new_addr
26	sys_msync	unsigned long start	size_t len	int flags
27	sys_mincore	unsigned long start	size_t len	unsigned char *vec
28	sys_madvise	unsigned long start	size_t len_in	int behavior
29	sys_shmget	key_t key	size_t size	int shmflg
30	sys_shmat	int shmid	char *shmaddr	int shmflg
31	sys_shmctl	int shmid	int cmd	struct shmid_ds *buf
32	sys_dup	unsigned int fildes
33	sys_dup2	unsigned int oldfd	unsigned int newfd
34	sys_pause
35	sys_nanosleep	struct timespec *rqtp	struct timespec *rmtp
36	sys_getitimer	int which	struct itimerval *value
37	sys_alarm	unsigned int seconds
38	sys_setitimer	int which	struct itimerval *value	struct itimerval *ovalue
39	sys_getpid
40	sys_sendfile	int out_fd	int in_fd	off_t *offset	size_t count
41	sys_socket	int family	int type	int protocol
42	sys_connect	int fd	struct sockaddr *uservaddr	int addrlen
43	sys_accept	int fd	struct sockaddr *upeer_sockaddr	int *upeer_addrlen
44	sys_sendto	int fd	void *buff	size_t len	unsigned flags	struct sockaddr *addr	int addr_len
45	sys_recvfrom	int fd	void *ubuf	size_t size	unsigned flags	struct sockaddr *addr	int *addr_len
46	sys_sendmsg	int fd	struct msghdr *msg	unsigned flags
47	sys_recvmsg	int fd	struct msghdr *msg	unsigned int flags
48	sys_shutdown	int fd	int how
49	sys_bind	int fd	struct sokaddr *umyaddr	int addrlen
50	sys_listen	int fd	int backlog
51	sys_getsockname	int fd	struct sockaddr *usockaddr	int *usockaddr_len
52	sys_getpeername	int fd	struct sockaddr *usockaddr	int *usockaddr_len
53	sys_socketpair	int family	int type	int protocol	int *usockvec
54	sys_setsockopt	int fd	int level	int optname	char *optval	int optlen
55	sys_getsockopt	int fd	int level	int optname	char *optval	int *optlen
56	sys_clone	unsigned long clone_flags	unsigned long newsp	void *parent_tid	void *child_tid
57	sys_fork
58	sys_vfork
59	sys_execve	const char *filename	const char *const argv[]	const char *const envp[]
60	sys_exit	int error_code
61	sys_wait4	pid_t upid	int *stat_addr	int options	struct rusage *ru
62	sys_kill	pid_t pid	int sig
63	sys_uname	struct old_utsname *name
64	sys_semget	key_t key	int nsems	int semflg
65	sys_semop	int semid	struct sembuf *tsops	unsigned nsops
66	sys_semctl	int semid	int semnum	int cmd	union semun arg
67	sys_shmdt	char *shmaddr
68	sys_msgget	key_t key	int msgflg
69	sys_msgsnd	int msqid	struct msgbuf *msgp	size_t msgsz	int msgflg
70	sys_msgrcv	int msqid	struct msgbuf *msgp	size_t msgsz	long msgtyp	int msgflg
71	sys_msgctl	int msqid	int cmd	struct msqid_ds *buf
72	sys_fcntl	unsigned int fd	unsigned int cmd	unsigned long arg
73	sys_flock	unsigned int fd	unsigned int cmd
74	sys_fsync	unsigned int fd
75	sys_fdatasync	unsigned int fd
76	sys_truncate	const char *path	long length
77	sys_ftruncate	unsigned int fd	unsigned long length
78	sys_getdents	unsigned int fd	struct linux_dirent *dirent	unsigned int count
79	sys_getcwd	char *buf	unsigned long size
80	sys_chdir	const char *filename
81	sys_fchdir	unsigned int fd
82	sys_rename	const char *oldname	const char *newname
83	sys_mkdir	const char *pathname	int mode
84	sys_rmdir	const char *pathname
85	sys_creat	const char *pathname	int mode
86	sys_link	const char *oldname	const char *newname
87	sys_unlink	const char *pathname
88	sys_symlink	const char *oldname	const char *newname
89	sys_readlink	const char *path	char *buf	int bufsiz
90	sys_chmod	const char *filename	mode_t mode
91	sys_fchmod	unsigned int fd	mode_t mode
92	sys_chown	const char *filename	uid_t user	git_t group
93	sys_fchown	unsigned int fd	uid_t user	git_t group
94	sys_lchown	const char *filename	uid_t user	git_t group
95	sys_umask	int mask
96	sys_gettimeofday	struct timeval *tv	struct timezone *tz
97	sys_getrlimit	unsigned int resource	struct rlimit *rlim
98	sys_getrusage	int who	struct rusage *ru
99	sys_sysinfo	struct sysinfo *info
100	sys_times	struct sysinfo *info
101	sys_ptrace	long request	long pid	unsigned long addr	unsigned long data
102	sys_getuid
103	sys_syslog	int type	char *buf	int len
104	sys_getgid
105	sys_setuid	uid_t uid
106	sys_setgid	git_t gid
107	sys_geteuid
108	sys_getegid
109	sys_setpgid	pid_t pid	pid_t pgid
110	sys_getppid
111	sys_getpgrp
112	sys_setsid
113	sys_setreuid	uid_t ruid	uid_t euid
114	sys_setregid	git_t rgid	gid_t egid
115	sys_getgroups	int gidsetsize	gid_t *grouplist
116	sys_setgroups	int gidsetsize	gid_t *grouplist
117	sys_setresuid	uid_t *ruid	uid_t *euid	uid_t *suid
118	sys_getresuid	uid_t *ruid	uid_t *euid	uid_t *suid
119	sys_setresgid	gid_t rgid	gid_t egid	gid_t sgid
120	sys_getresgid	git_t *rgid	git_t *egid	git_t *sgid
121	sys_getpgid	pid_t pid
122	sys_setfsuid	uid_t uid
123	sys_setfsgid	gid_t gid
124	sys_getsid	pid_t pid
125	sys_capget	cap_user_header_t header	cap_user_data_t dataptr
126	sys_capset	cap_user_header_t header	const cap_user_data_t data
127	sys_rt_sigpending	sigset_t *set	size_t sigsetsize
128	sys_rt_sigtimedwait	const sigset_t *uthese	siginfo_t *uinfo	const struct timespec *uts	size_t sigsetsize
129	sys_rt_sigqueueinfo	pid_t pid	int sig	siginfo_t *uinfo
130	sys_rt_sigsuspend	sigset_t *unewset	size_t sigsetsize
131	sys_sigaltstack	const stack_t *uss	stack_t *uoss
132	sys_utime	char *filename	struct utimbuf *times
133	sys_mknod	const char *filename	int mode	unsigned dev
134	sys_uselib	NOT IMPLEMENTED
135	sys_personality	unsigned int personality
136	sys_ustat	unsigned dev	struct ustat *ubuf
137	sys_statfs	const char *pathname	struct statfs *buf
138	sys_fstatfs	unsigned int fd	struct statfs *buf
139	sys_sysfs	int option	unsigned long arg1	unsigned long arg2
140	sys_getpriority	int which	int who
141	sys_setpriority	int which	int who	int niceval
142	sys_sched_setparam	pid_t pid	struct sched_param *param
143	sys_sched_getparam	pid_t pid	struct sched_param *param
144	sys_sched_setscheduler	pid_t pid	int policy	struct sched_param *param
145	sys_sched_getscheduler	pid_t pid
146	sys_sched_get_priority_max	int policy
147	sys_sched_get_priority_min	int policy
148	sys_sched_rr_get_interval	pid_t pid	struct timespec *interval
149	sys_mlock	unsigned long start	size_t len
150	sys_munlock	unsigned long start	size_t len
151	sys_mlockall	int flags
152	sys_munlockall
153	sys_vhangup
154	sys_modify_ldt	int func	void *ptr	unsigned long bytecount
155	sys_pivot_root	const char *new_root	const char *put_old
156	sys__sysctl	struct __sysctl_args *args
157	sys_prctl	int option	unsigned long arg2	unsigned long arg3	unsigned long arg4		unsigned long arg5
158	sys_arch_prctl	struct task_struct *task	int code	unsigned long *addr
159	sys_adjtimex	struct timex *txc_p
160	sys_setrlimit	unsigned int resource	struct rlimit *rlim
161	sys_chroot	const char *filename
162	sys_sync
163	sys_acct	const char *name
164	sys_settimeofday	struct timeval *tv	struct timezone *tz
165	sys_mount	char *dev_name	char *dir_name	char *type	unsigned long flags	void *data
166	sys_umount2	const char *target	int flags
167	sys_swapon	const char *specialfile	int swap_flags
168	sys_swapoff	const char *specialfile
169	sys_reboot	int magic1	int magic2	unsigned int cmd	void *arg
170	sys_sethostname	char *name	int len
171	sys_setdomainname	char *name	int len
172	sys_iopl	unsigned int level	struct pt_regs *regs
173	sys_ioperm	unsigned long from	unsigned long num	int turn_on
174	sys_create_module	REMOVED IN Linux 2.6
175	sys_init_module	void *umod	unsigned long len	const char *uargs
176	sys_delete_module	const chat *name_user	unsigned int flags
177	sys_get_kernel_syms	REMOVED IN Linux 2.6
178	sys_query_module	REMOVED IN Linux 2.6
179	sys_quotactl	unsigned int cmd	const char *special	qid_t id	void *addr
180	sys_nfsservctl	NOT IMPLEMENTED
181	sys_getpmsg	NOT IMPLEMENTED
182	sys_putpmsg	NOT IMPLEMENTED
183	sys_afs_syscall	NOT IMPLEMENTED
184	sys_tuxcall	NOT IMPLEMENTED
185	sys_security	NOT IMPLEMENTED
186	sys_gettid
187	sys_readahead	int fd	loff_t offset	size_t count
188	sys_setxattr	const char *pathname	const char *name	const void *value	size_t size	int flags
189	sys_lsetxattr	const char *pathname	const char *name	const void *value	size_t size	int flags
190	sys_fsetxattr	int fd	const char *name	const void *value	size_t size	int flags
191	sys_getxattr	const char *pathname	const char *name	void *value	size_t size
192	sys_lgetxattr	const char *pathname	const char *name	void *value	size_t size
193	sys_fgetxattr	int fd	const har *name	void *value	size_t size
194	sys_listxattr	const char *pathname	char *list	size_t size
195	sys_llistxattr	const char *pathname	char *list	size_t size
196	sys_flistxattr	int fd	char *list	size_t size
197	sys_removexattr	const char *pathname	const char *name
198	sys_lremovexattr	const char *pathname	const char *name
199	sys_fremovexattr	int fd	const char *name
200	sys_tkill	pid_t pid	ing sig
201	sys_time	time_t *tloc
202	sys_futex	u32 *uaddr	int op	u32 val	struct timespec *utime	u32 *uaddr2	u32 val3
203	sys_sched_setaffinity	pid_t pid	unsigned int len	unsigned long *user_mask_ptr
204	sys_sched_getaffinity	pid_t pid	unsigned int len	unsigned long *user_mask_ptr
205	sys_set_thread_area	NOT IMPLEMENTED. Use arch_prctl
206	sys_io_setup	unsigned nr_events	aio_context_t *ctxp
207	sys_io_destroy	aio_context_t ctx
208	sys_io_getevents	aio_context_t ctx_id	long min_nr	long nr	struct io_event *events
209	sys_io_submit	aio_context_t ctx_id	long nr	struct iocb **iocbpp
210	sys_io_cancel	aio_context_t ctx_id	struct iocb *iocb	struct io_event *result
211	sys_get_thread_area	NOT IMPLEMENTED. Use arch_prctl
212	sys_lookup_dcookie	u64 cookie64	long buf	long len
213	sys_epoll_create	int size
214	sys_epoll_ctl_old	NOT IMPLEMENTED
215	sys_epoll_wait_old	NOT IMPLEMENTED
216	sys_remap_file_pages	unsigned long start	unsigned long size	unsigned long prot	unsigned long pgoff	unsigned long flags
217	sys_getdents64	unsigned int fd	struct linux_dirent64 *dirent	unsigned int count
218	sys_set_tid_address	int *tidptr
219	sys_restart_syscall
220	sys_semtimedop	int semid	struct sembuf *tsops	unsigned nsops	const struct timespec *timeout
221	sys_fadvise64	int fd	loff_t offset	size_t len	int advice
222	sys_timer_create	const clockid_t which_clock	struct sigevent *timer_event_spec	timer_t *created_timer_id
223	sys_timer_settime	timer_t timer_id	int flags	const struct itimerspec *new_setting	struct itimerspec *old_setting
224	sys_timer_gettime	timer_t timer_id	struct itimerspec *setting
225	sys_timer_getoverrun	timer_t timer_id
226	sys_timer_delete	timer_t timer_id
227	sys_clock_settime	const clockid_t which_clock	const struct timespec *tp
228	sys_clock_gettime	const clockid_t which_clock	struct timespec *tp
229	sys_clock_getres	const clockid_t which_clock	struct timespec *tp
230	sys_clock_nanosleep	const clockid_t which_clock	int flags	const struct timespec *rqtp	struct timespec *rmtp
231	sys_exit_group	int error_code
232	sys_epoll_wait	int epfd	struct epoll_event *events	int maxevents	int timeout
233	sys_epoll_ctl	int epfd	int op	int fd	struct epoll_event *event
234	sys_tgkill	pid_t tgid	pid_t pid	int sig
235	sys_utimes	char *filename	struct timeval *utimes
236	sys_vserver	NOT IMPLEMENTED
237	sys_mbind	unsigned long start	unsigned long len	unsigned long mode	unsigned long *nmask	unsigned long maxnode	unsigned flags
238	sys_set_mempolicy	int mode	unsigned long *nmask	unsigned long maxnode
239	sys_get_mempolicy	int *policy	unsigned long *nmask	unsigned long maxnode	unsigned long addr	unsigned long flags
240	sys_mq_open	const char *u_name	int oflag	mode_t mode	struct mq_attr *u_attr
241	sys_mq_unlink	const char *u_name
242	sys_mq_timedsend	mqd_t mqdes	const char *u_msg_ptr	size_t msg_len	unsigned int msg_prio	const stuct timespec *u_abs_timeout
243	sys_mq_timedreceive	mqd_t mqdes	char *u_msg_ptr	size_t msg_len	unsigned int *u_msg_prio	const struct timespec *u_abs_timeout
244	sys_mq_notify	mqd_t mqdes	const struct sigevent *u_notification
245	sys_mq_getsetattr	mqd_t mqdes	const struct mq_attr *u_mqstat	struct mq_attr *u_omqstat
246	sys_kexec_load	unsigned long entry	unsigned long nr_segments	struct kexec_segment *segments	unsigned long flags
247	sys_waitid	int which	pid_t upid	struct siginfo *infop	int options	struct rusage *ru
248	sys_add_key	const char *_type	const char *_description	const void *_payload	size_t plen
249	sys_request_key	const char *_type	const char *_description	const char *_callout_info	key_serial_t destringid
250	sys_keyctl	int option	unsigned long arg2	unsigned long arg3	unsigned long arg4	unsigned long arg5
251	sys_ioprio_set	int which	int who	int ioprio
252	sys_ioprio_get	int which	int who
253	sys_inotify_init
254	sys_inotify_add_watch	int fd	const char *pathname	u32 mask
255	sys_inotify_rm_watch	int fd	__s32 wd
256	sys_migrate_pages	pid_t pid	unsigned long maxnode	const unsigned long *old_nodes	const unsigned long *new_nodes
257	sys_openat	int dfd	const char *filename	int flags	int mode
258	sys_mkdirat	int dfd	const char *pathname	int mode
259	sys_mknodat	int dfd	const char *filename	int mode	unsigned dev
260	sys_fchownat	int dfd	const char *filename	uid_t user	gid_t group	int flag
261	sys_futimesat	int dfd	const char *filename	struct timeval *utimes
262	sys_newfstatat	int dfd	const char *filename	struct stat *statbuf	int flag
263	sys_unlinkat	int dfd	const char *pathname	int flag
264	sys_renameat	int oldfd	const char *oldname	int newfd	const char *newname
265	sys_linkat	int oldfd	const char *oldname	int newfd	const char *newname	int flags
266	sys_symlinkat	const char *oldname	int newfd	const char *newname
267	sys_readlinkat	int dfd	const char *pathname	char *buf	int bufsiz
268	sys_fchmodat	int dfd	const char *filename	mode_t mode
269	sys_faccessat	int dfd	const char *filename	int mode
270	sys_pselect6	int n	fd_set *inp	fd_set *outp	fd_set *exp	struct timespec *tsp	void *sig
271	sys_ppoll	struct pollfd *ufds	unsigned int nfds	struct timespec *tsp	const sigset_t *sigmask	size_t sigsetsize
272	sys_unshare	unsigned long unshare_flags
273	sys_set_robust_list	struct robust_list_head *head	size_t len
274	sys_get_robust_list	int pid	struct robust_list_head **head_ptr	size_t *len_ptr
275	sys_splice	int fd_in	loff_t *off_in	int fd_out	loff_t *off_out	size_t len	unsigned int flags
276	sys_tee	int fdin	int fdout	size_t len	unsigned int flags
277	sys_sync_file_range	long fd	loff_t offset	loff_t bytes	long flags
278	sys_vmsplice	int fd	const struct iovec *iov	unsigned long nr_segs	unsigned int flags
279	sys_move_pages	pid_t pid	unsigned long nr_pages	const void **pages	const int *nodes	int *status	int flags
280	sys_utimensat	int dfd	const char *filename	struct timespec *utimes	int flags
281	sys_epoll_pwait	int epfd	struct epoll_event *events	int maxevents	int timeout	const sigset_t *sigmask	size_t sigsetsize
282	sys_signalfd	int ufd	sigset_t *user_mask	size_t sizemask
283	sys_timerfd_create	int clockid	int flags
284	sys_eventfd	unsigned int count
285	sys_fallocate	long fd	long mode	loff_t offset	loff_t len
286	sys_timerfd_settime	int ufd	int flags	const struct itimerspec *utmr	struct itimerspec *otmr
287	sys_timerfd_gettime	int ufd	struct itimerspec *otmr
288	sys_accept4	int fd	struct sockaddr *upeer_sockaddr	int *upeer_addrlen	int flags
289	sys_signalfd4	int ufd	sigset_t *user_mask	size_t sizemask	int flags
290	sys_eventfd2	unsigned int count	int flags
291	sys_epoll_create1	int flags
292	sys_dup3	unsigned int oldfd	unsigned int newfd	int flags
293	sys_pipe2	int *filedes	int flags
294	sys_inotify_init1	int flags
295	sys_preadv	unsigned long fd	const struct iovec *vec	unsigned long vlen	unsigned long pos_l	unsigned long pos_h
296	sys_pwritev	unsigned long fd	const struct iovec *vec	unsigned long vlen	unsigned long pos_l	unsigned long pos_h
297	sys_rt_tgsigqueueinfo	pid_t tgid	pid_t pid	int sig	siginfo_t *uinfo
298	sys_perf_event_open	struct perf_event_attr *attr_uptr	pid_t pid	int cpu	int group_fd	unsigned long flags
299	sys_recvmmsg	int fd	struct msghdr *mmsg	unsigned int vlen	unsigned int flags	struct timespec *timeout
300	sys_fanotify_init	unsigned int flags	unsigned int event_f_flags
301	sys_fanotify_mark	long fanotify_fd	long flags	__u64 mask	long dfd	long pathname
302	sys_prlimit64	pid_t pid	unsigned int resource	const struct rlimit64 *new_rlim	struct rlimit64 *old_rlim
303	sys_name_to_handle_at	int dfd	const char *name	struct file_handle *handle	int *mnt_id	int flag
304	sys_open_by_handle_at	int dfd	const char *name	struct file_handle *handle	int *mnt_id	int flags
305	sys_clock_adjtime	clockid_t which_clock	struct timex *tx
306	sys_syncfs	int fd
307	sys_sendmmsg	int fd	struct mmsghdr *mmsg	unsigned int vlen	unsigned int flags
308	sys_setns	int fd	int nstype
309	sys_getcpu	unsigned *cpup	unsigned *nodep	struct getcpu_cache *unused
310	sys_process_vm_readv	pid_t pid	const struct iovec *lvec	unsigned long liovcnt	const struct iovec *rvec	unsigned long riovcnt	unsigned long flags
311	sys_process_vm_writev	pid_t pid	const struct iovec *lvec	unsigned long liovcnt	const struct iovcc *rvec	unsigned long riovcnt	unsigned long flags

转自 http://blog.rchapman.org/post/36801038863/linux-system-call-table-for-x86-64